Libraries & Dataset
We will start by importing the necessary libraries and loading the dataset.
Since bubble plots requires numerical values, we need to have quantitative data in our dataset.
# libraries
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
# create data
df = pd.DataFrame({
'x': np.random.rand(40),
'y': np.random.rand(40),
'z': np.random.rand(40),
})
df.head()| x | y | z | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.487913 | 0.640856 | 0.685197 |
| 1 | 0.904584 | 0.029056 | 0.289917 |
| 2 | 0.186066 | 0.909341 | 0.576339 |
| 3 | 0.560585 | 0.119788 | 0.857088 |
| 4 | 0.335864 | 0.779507 | 0.092400 |
Bubble plot
A bubble plot is very similar to a scatterplot. Using matplotlib library, a bubble plot can be constructed using the scatter() function. In the example, the following parameters are used:
x: The data position on the x axisy: The data position on the y axiss: The marker sizealpha: Transparancy ratio
plt.scatter(df['x'], df['y'], s=df['z']*1000, alpha=0.5)
plt.show()
Going further
You might be interested in:
- how to change colors, shape and size of the bubbles
- how to map bubble colors with a 4th variable
